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The Great Seal of Ireland was the seal used until 1922 by the Dublin Castle administration to authenticate important state documents in Ireland, in the same manner as the Great Seal of the Realm in England. The Great Seal of Ireland was used in the Lordship of Ireland (1180s–1534) and the Kingdom of Ireland (1534–1800), and remained in use when the island was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922), just as the Great Seal of Scotland remained in use after the Act of Union 1707. ==Use== The office of "Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of Ireland" was held by the Lord Chancellor of Ireland. The seal was affixed to documents issued by the Privy Council of Ireland and its head the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (previously the Lord Deputy of Ireland). The Lord Deputy would issue a writ to the Lord Chancellor to issue letters patent under the Great Seal. In the fourteenth century, the Chancellor was entitled to a guard of six men-at-arms and twelve mounted archers, in part to protect the seal in his custody.〔Gilbert 1865, pp.209–10〕 The Lord Deputy was appointed in London under the Great Seal of England, but a 1498 Act allowed a vacancy to be temporarily filled by the Dublin administration under the Irish seal.〔Gilbert 1865, pp.464–5〕 This practice was applied several times in the 1690s. From 1700 to 1767, non-resident Lords Lieutenant, who were appointed under the British seal, would in turn use the Irish seal appoint resident Lord Justices as deputies.〔 Before the Act of Union 1800, any bill passed by the Parliament of Ireland and approved by the Privy Council of Ireland was sent to London under the Great Seal of Ireland and, if approved by the Privy Council of England (later the Privy Council of Great Britain), was returned under the Great Seal of the Realm to be enacted.〔〔Gilbert 1865, pp.455–6〕 This procedure was required both under Poynings' Law (1495) and under the Constitution of 1782 which amended it.〔 Parliament was summoned under the Great Seal of England rather than that of Ireland,〔 even after 1782. Titles in the Peerage of Ireland were originally created under the English seal. After the Williamite War they were usually created under the Irish seal, but creations under the British seal continued, even after the Constitution of 1782, until the Act of Union 1800.〔〔 Robert Raymond, 1st Baron Raymond wrote that, under the British seal, the Irish nature of the peerage had to be made explicit. Sometimes a single letter patent created separate titles in the Irish and English/British peerages for the same person. After the Union, the question of whether Irish peers appointed under the British seal were entitled to vote for Irish representative peers was considered by the British House of Lords in 1805.〔 The 1289 "ordinance for the State of Ireland" forbade purveyance except by a commission under the Great Seal of Ireland.〔Gilbert 1865, p.565〕 From the Tudor Reconquest, appointments to the were made entirely under the Irish seal. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Great Seal of Ireland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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